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Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate

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   Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate   
Names: copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate
copper-iron sulfate
Formula: (Cu,Fe)SO4 (anhydrous)
(Cu,Fe)SO4 · 5H2O (pentahydrate)
(Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O (heptahydrate)
Molar mass: 155.757 g/mol (anhydrous)
245.831 g/mol (pentahydrate)
281.861 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Shapes:
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/4/48/Prolongated_rhombic_prism.json
Prolongated rhombic prism
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/6/67/Oblique_parallelepiped.json
Oblique parallelepiped
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/b/bc/Rhombic_prism.json
Rhombic prism
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/d/d0/Truncated_deformed_oblique_hexagonal_prism.json
Truncated deformed oblique hexagonal prism
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/a/af/Tetragonal_prism.json
Tetragonal prism

Color: turquoise
sky blue
Stability: quickly erodes (hydrates)

Description

Co-crystal of copper(II) sulfate and iron(II) sulfate. From water solutions crystallizes as heptahydrate and pentahydrate.

Minerals

Occurs in nature as melanterite mineral.

Precursors

Mixing copper(II) and iron(II) sulfates

Chemical equation:

CuSO4 + FeSO4 = 2(Cu,Fe)SO4↓


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate а 44.29g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and 49.32g of iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate is required.

Dissolve compounds in hot water apart and then mix solutions into one container with intense stirring. Cooling or evaporation of a solution will cause double salt crystallyzation.

Reaction between copper(II) sulfate and metal iron

Chemical equation:

2CuSO4 + Fe = (Cu,Fe)SO4 + Cu↓


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate а 177.17g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and 9.91g of iron is required.

Add copper(II) sulfate solution to the flask, then add iron pieces, shavings or powder and leave for a few days. After solution color changing will stop, less active metal will completely displace into the precipitate. Then filter the solution.

Influence of impurities

Addition of large amount of sulfuric acid produces crystal hydrates which are more stable in the open air. Even small addition is helpful because it prevents forming of orange iron(III) hydroxide precipitate.
Color of final crystals and their shape depends on the ratio between sulfates in the mixture - more iron(II) sulfate makes crystals green, more copper(II) sulfate makes crystals blue.
Increasing iron(II) sulfate concentration makes crystals more stable in the open air. Crystals with iron:copper=1:1-2:1 ratio dehydrates just in minutes, but 3.5:1-4:1 ratio dehydrates within several hours or even days. Dehydration starts from large defects on crystal surface, then other surface is affected.

Notes

These crystals are the result of isodimorphism, they are formed only from solution containing both sulfates. If crystals are dissolved and crystallized again, ten crystals of each sulfate will grow separately.

Storage conditions

For crystal storing use hermetic vessel with wadding moistened with such solution near the crystal. You can use such alternatives as vessel with vaseline or vegetable oil, organic non-hygroscopic solvent (kerosene or liquid paraffin). Also you can use acrylate polymer or another kinds of solidifying plastic.



Sources



   Sulfates
Simple

Aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) • Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) • Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) • Cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) • Cerium(III) sulfate (Ce2(SO4)3) • Cerium(IV) sulfate (Ce(SO4)2) • Chromium(III) sulfate (Cr2(SO4)3) • Cobalt(II) sulfate (CoSO4) • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) • Gadolinium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Holmium sulfate (Ho2(SO4)3) • Hydrazine sulfate (N2H4 · H2SO4) • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) • Iron(III) sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) • Lanthanum sulfate (La2(SO4)3) • Lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) • Manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) • Neodymium sulfate (Nd2(SO4)3) • Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) • Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) • Praseodymium(III) sulfate (Pr2(SO4)3) • Rubidium sulfate (Rb2SO4) • Sodium hydrosulfate (NaHSO4) • Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) • Yttrium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)

Alums

Aluminum-ammonium sulfate (NH4Al(SO4)2) • Aluminum-potassium sulfate (KAl(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Cr(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-potassium sulfate (KCr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Co(SO4)2) • Indium(III)-potassium sulfate (KIn(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-potassium sulfate (KFe(SO4)2) • Manganese(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Mn(SO4)2) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4V(SO4)2)

Tutton's salts

Chromium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Co(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Co(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Fe(SO4)2) • Magnesium-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate (K2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate-chromate (K2CrO4 · MgSO4) • Manganese(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mn(SO4)2) • Manganese(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Mn(SO4)2) • Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Ni(SO4)2) • Nickel-potassium sulfate (K2Ni(SO4)2) • Vanadium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2V(SO4)2) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Zn(SO4)2) • Zinc-potassium sulfate (K2Zn(SO4)2)

Double salts

Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO4) • Lithium-potassium sulfate (KLiSO4) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)

Adducts

Triglycine sulfate ((NH2CH2COOH)3 · H2SO4) • Glutamic acid sulfate (C5H9NO4 · H2SO4)

Complexes

Cerium(III) sulfocerate(IV) (Ce4[Ce(SO4)4]3) • Glycinecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2CH2COOH)]SO4) • Hexakarbamatzinc sulfate ([(CON2H4)6Zn]SO4) • Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) • Tris(hydroxymethil)methanoaminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2C(CH2OH)3)4]SO4)



   Copper compounds
Salts

Copper (Cu) • Copper(II) acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) • Copper(II) dihydrophosphate (Cu(H2PO4)2) • Copper(II) formate (Cu(COOH)2) • Copper(II) lactate (Cu(C3H5O3)2) • Copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) • Copper(II) sulfamate (Cu(NH2SO3)2) • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) • Copper(II) tartrate (CuC4H4O6) • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl2)

Double salts

Copper-calcium acetate (CuCa(CH3COO)4) • Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2)

Complexes

Dicarbonatocuprates • Dioxalatocuprates • Bis-thetramethylethylenediaminecopper(II) nitrate ([Cu((H3CNCH3)2C4H8)](NO3)2) • Glycinecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2CH2COOH)]SO4) • Copper(II) formate and urea adduct (Cu(HCOO)2 · 2CO(NH2)2) • Potassium dioxalatocuprate(II) (K2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Sodium dioxalatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Sodium dicarbonatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(CO3)2]) • Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) • Tetrachlorocuprates • Tris(hydroxymethyl)methanoaminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2C(CH2OH)3)4]SO4)


   Iron compounds
Salts

Iron (Fe) • Iron(II) acetate (Fe(CH3COO)2) • Iron(II) chloride (FeCl2) • Iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) • Iron(II) citrate (FeHC3H5O(COO)3) • Iron(II) formate (Fe(COOH)2) • Iron(III) formate (Fe2(COOH)3) • Iron(II) nitrate (Fe(NO3)2) • Iron(II) phosphate (Fe3(PO4)2) • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) • Iron(III) sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3)

Double salts

Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO4) • Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4)

Complexes


   Double salts
Salts

Antimony(III)-potassium tartrate (K2Sb2(C4H2O6)2) • Calcium-ammonium nitrate (5Ca(NO3)2 · NH4NO3) • Cerium(III)-cobalt-manganese nitrate (3(Co,Mn)(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3) • Cerium(III)-cobalt nitrate (3Co(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3) • Cerium(III)-manganese nitrate (3Mn(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3) • Cerium(IV)-ammomium nitrate (2NH4NO3 · Ce(NO3)4) • Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Copper-calcium acetate (CuCa(CH3COO)4) • Dipotassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K2Na[Fe(C2O4)3]) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO4) • Lithium-potassium sulfate (KLiSO4) • Potassium-sodium tartrate (KNaC4H4O6) • Potassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K5Na[Fe(C2O4)3]2) • Rubidium-gold(III)-palladium(II) chloride (2RbCl · AuCl3 · PdCl2) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Tripotassium-sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) (K3Na[Fe(CN)6]) • Uranyl-sodium acetate (NaUО2(CH3COO)3) • Uranyl-zinc-sodium acetate (NaZn(UO2)3(CH3COO)9) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)

Categories

Alums • Tutton's salts‎

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