Lead(II) iodide

Lead(II) iodide ;
Names:	lead(II) iodide; lead(II) diiodide; lead(II) jodide;
Formula:	PbI2;
Molar mass:	461.000 g/mol;
Density:	6.16 g/cm3;
Crystal system:	hexagonal (α); a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=6.979 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°; hexagonal (β); a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=34.895 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°; hexagonal (γ); a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=48.853 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°;
Shapes:	https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/c/c2/Hexagonal_flat_prism.json Hexagonal flat prism https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/c/ce/Hexagonal_pedion.json Hexagonal pedion https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/b/b7/Irregular_hexagonal_pedion.json Irregular hexagonal pedion ;
Color:	golden;
Melting point:	412 °C685.15 K <br />773.6 °F <br />1,233.27 °R <br />;
Boiling point:	872 °C1,145.15 K <br />1,601.6 °F <br />2,061.27 °R <br />;
Magnetic properties:	diamagnetic; χ=-1.27 · 10-4cm³/mol;
Hardness:	very fragile;
Toxicity:	poisonous

Description

Inorganic compound, salt of bivalent metal lead and inorganic hydroiodic acid. Doesn't form water hydrates.

Precursors

Reaction between potassium or sodium iodide and lead(II) acetate or nitrate

Chemical equation:

Pb(CH₃COO)₂ + 2KI = 2KCH₃COO + PbI₂↓

Pb(CH₃COO)₂ + 2NaI = 2NaCH₃COO + PbI₂↓

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI = 2KNO₃ + PbI₂↓

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2NaI = 2NaNO₃ + PbI₂↓

For preparation of 100.00g of lead(II) iodide а 71.85g of lead(II) nitrate or 82.28g of lead(II) acetate

trihydratetrihydrate
anhydrous

and 72.02g of potassium iodide or 65.03g of sodium iodide is required.

Take two plastic or glass containers connected with a tube at center or bottom. Connection should be hermetic.

Place silicic acid gel in the tube.
Then add solution of lead(II) nitrate or acetate to the first container and potassium or sodium iodide to the another one. Pour solutions simultaneously otherwise gel will pour out from tube. Cover containers with a cap (you can leave them non-hermetic) and leave for long time at room temperature.
During long time reagents will slowly diffuse deeper into the thickness the gel, reacts with small parts if meeting. A slow crystal growing of the slight soluble reaction product will begin.

Notes

There are few appropriate methods of growing:

Cooling the hot solution of the final compound
Direct reaction with simultaneous cooling (general method, the basis of experiment called "Golden rain")
Carrying out the reaction in the gel of silicic acid

Storage conditions

Store in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not store in matchboxes or cotton wool and do not heat.

Solubility

TableGraph

Temperature	гр/`100,00` гр water	гр/`100,00` гр acetone	гр/`100,00` гр aniline	гр/`100,00` гр pyridine	гр/`100,00` гр formic acid 95%	гр/`100,00` гр hydrazine
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />	`0.04`			`0.2`
10°C283.15 K <br />50 °F <br />509.67 °R <br />	`0.056`			`0.205`
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />	`0.061`		`0.5`	`0.208`
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />	`0.076`				`0.25`	`2`
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />	`0.09`			`0.188`
40°C313.15 K <br />104 °F <br />563.67 °R <br />	`0.124`
60°C333.15 K <br />140 °F <br />599.67 °R <br />	`0.193`	`0.02`
80°C353.15 K <br />176 °F <br />635.67 °R <br />	`0.294`
100°C373.15 K <br />212 °F <br />671.67 °R <br />	`0.436`			`0.34`

Highly soluble in ammonia. Slightly soluble in methyl acetate and benzonitrile. Insoluble in ethanol, carbon disulfide and ethyl acetate.

Gallery

Gold rain experimentLead(II) iodide, Vladimir Viter, Chemistry chemists periodicalVladimir ViterChemistry chemists periodical
Gold rain experimentLead(II) iodide, Vladimir Viter, Chemistry chemists periodicalVladimir ViterChemistry chemists periodical
Growth in the gelLead(II) iodide, Sergey Sachkov, VKontakteSergey SachkovVKontakte
Growth in the gelLead(II) iodide, Sergey Sachkov, VKontakteSergey SachkovVKontakte
Growth in the gelLead(II) iodide, Sergey Sachkov, VKontakteSergey SachkovVKontakte
Growth in the gelLead(II) iodide, Sergey Sachkov, VKontakteSergey SachkovVKontakte
Under the microscopeLead(II) iodide, Microlab photo galleryMicrolab photo gallery
Cooling of hot saturated solutionLead(II) iodide, Stanislav Popov, VKontakteStanislav PopovVKontakte

Video

Sources

Navigation

Iodides
Salts	Germanium iodide (GeI₄) • Cadmium iodide (CdI₂) • Lead(II) iodide (PbI₂) • Potassium iodide (KI) • Sodium iodide (NaI) • Tin(II) iodide (SnI₂)
Complexes	Potassium tetraiodobismuthate (К[BiI₄]) • Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II) (K₂[HgI₄])

Lead compounds
Lead (Pb) • Lead(II) acetate (Pb(CH₃COO)₂) • Lead(II) citrate (Pb₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂) • Lead(II) chloride (PbCl₂) • Lead(II) formate (Pb(COOH)₂) • Lead(II) iodide (PbCO₃) • Lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) • Lead(II) tartrate (PbC₄H₄O₆)

Lead(II) iodide
Names:	lead(II) iodide lead(II) diiodide lead(II) jodide
Formula:	PbI₂
Molar mass:	461.000 g/mol
Density:	6.16 g/cm³
Crystal system:	hexagonal (α) a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=6.979 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120° hexagonal (β) a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=34.895 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120° hexagonal (γ) a=4.557 Å, b=4.557 Å, c=48.853 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°
Shapes:	Hexagonal flat prism Hexagonal pedion Irregular hexagonal pedion
Color:	golden
Melting point:	412 °C685.15 K <br />773.6 °F <br />1,233.27 °R <br />
Boiling point:	872 °C1,145.15 K <br />1,601.6 °F <br />2,061.27 °R <br />
Magnetic properties:	diamagnetic χ=-1.27 · 10^-4cm³/mol
Hardness:	very fragile
Toxicity:	poisonous