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Copper(II) acetate

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   Copper(II) acetate   
Names: copper(II) acetate
copper diacetate
cupric acetate
copper(II) ethanoate
verdigris
Paris green
Formula: Cu(CH3COO)2 (anhydrous)
Cu(CH3COO)2 · H2O (monohydrate)
Molar mass: 181.634 g/mol (anhydrous)
199.649 g/mol (monohydrate)
Density: 1.93 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
1.882 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Crystal system: triclinic (monohydrate)
Shapes:
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/3/37/Octahedron.json
Octahedron
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/f/f7/Truncated_octahedron.json
Truncated octahedron
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/2/2f/Prolongated_octahedron.json
Prolongated octahedron

Color: dark-blue
dark-green
black
Refractive index: 1.545 (monohydrate)
Magnetic properties: paramagnetic
Stability: slightly erodes (monohydrate)
Hardness: very fragile
Toxicity: slightly toxic
LD50=710mg/kg

Description

Organic compound, salt of bivalent transitional metal copper and organic acetic acid. From water solutions crystallizes as monohydrate.

Minerals

Occurs in nature as hoganite mineral.

Precursors

Reaction between copper(II) hydroxycarbonate, hydroxide or oxide and acetic acid

Chemical equation:

4CH3COOH + Cu2CO3(OH)2 = 2Cu(CH3COO)2 + 3H2O + CO2↑
2CH3COOH + Cu(OH)2 = Cu(CH3COO)2 + 2H2O
2CH3COOH + CuO = Cu(CH3COO)2 + H2O


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 55.38g of hydroxycarbonate or 48.87g of hydroxide or 39.84g of oxide and 85.94g of 70% acetic acid is required.

Add acid to the flask, then add small parts of copper compound with stirring until it will totally dissolve or, if you use carbonate, until carbon dioxide emission will stop. After reaction will stop, filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Reaction between metal copper, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide

Chemical equation:

2CH3COOH + Cu + H2O2 = Cu(CH3COO)2 + 2H2O


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 31.83g of copper, 567.90g of 3% peroxide and 85.94g of 70% acetic acid is required.

Add hot acid solution to the flask, then add peroxide and copper pieces, shavings or powder and stir and heat it until gas emission will stop.

Electrolysis of acetic acid solution with copper anode

Chemical equation:

2CH3COOH + Cu —electrolysis→ Cu(CH3COO)2 + H2↑


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 31.83g of copper and 85.94g of 70% acetic acid is required.

Add to the flask acetic acid solution, then place there copper electrodes and plug them to 1.5-5 V power supply. After some time crystal growth will begin at cathode.

Reaction between copper(II) chloride, sulfate or nitrate and excess of concentrated acetic acid

Chemical equation:

2CH3COOH + CuCl2 = Cu(CH3COO)2↓ + 2HCl
2CH3COOH + CuSO4 = Cu(CH3COO)2↓ + H2SO4
2CH3COOH + Cu(NO3)2 = Cu(CH3COO)2↓ + 2HNO3


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 85.39g of copper(II) chloride dihydrate or 125.06g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate or 148.08g of copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate and 60.16g of glacial acid acetic is required.

Add to the flask with hot copper compounds solution a acid solution with heating and stirring. Cooling this mixture will cause forming a large amount of crystalline precipitate. Filter precipitate and wash it wish small amount of glacial acetic acid, then filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Reaction between copper(II) nitrate and sodium acetate

Chemical equation:

2NaCH3COO + Cu(NO3)2 = Cu(CH3COO)2↓ + 2NaNO3


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 148.08g of copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate and 136.32g of sodium acetate trihydrate is required.

Add to the flask with hot copper(II) nitrate solution a sodium acetate solution with heating and stirring. Cooling this mixture will cause forming a large amount of crystalline precipitate. Filter precipitate and wash it wish small amount of cold water, then filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Reaction between copper(II) sulfate and calcium or lead(II) acetate

You can use copper(II) chloride instead of sulfate if you use lead salt..
Chemical equation:

Ca(CH3COO)2 + CuSO4 = Cu(CH3COO)2 + CaSO4↓
Pb(CH3COO)2 + CuSO4 = Cu(CH3COO)2 + PbSO4↓
Pb(CH3COO)2 + CuCl2 = Cu(CH3COO)2 + PbCl2↓


For preparation of 100.00g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate а 103.44g of copper(II) chloride tetrahydrate or 125.06g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and 88.25g of calcium acetate monohydrate or 190.00g of lead(II) acetate trihydrate is required.

Add to the flask with calcium or lead acetate solution small parts of copper salt solution and stir. The large amount of poorly soluble precipitate will form. Settle it out and discard, then filter the solution carefully.

Influence of temperature

Growing at higher temperatures does not influence on growing speed but leads to compound hydrolysis.

Influence of impurities

Iron salts leads to obtaining polycrystalline, excrescences at main crystal and solution container walls and also to changing its color to dark-green.
Small addition of acetic acid is recommended for preventing hydrolysis and precipitation.
Addition of salts having different crystal lattice and non-reactive with compound - such as ammonium acetate, sodium acetate or sulfate - can increase the transparency of the solution and improve the shape of the crystals formed.

Notes

Crystalverse.com site provides a step-by-step guide about growing big crystals of copper(II) acetate.

Storage conditions

Store in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not store in matchboxes or cotton wool and do not heat.

Solubility

Temperatureгр/100,00 гр waterгр/100,00 гр ethanolгр/100,00 гр methanolгр/100,00 гр acetoneгр/100,00 гр glycerolгр/100,00 гр pyridineгр/100,00 гр acetic acid
(anhydrous)(monohydrate)(monohydrate)(anhydrous)(anhydrous)(anhydrous)(anhydrous)(anhydrous)
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />0.480.28101.04
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />~6.57.2
25°C298.15 K <br />77 °F <br />536.67 °R <br />6.797.140.512
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />0.925
80°C353.15 K <br />176 °F <br />635.67 °R <br />20
100°C373.15 K <br />212 °F <br />671.67 °R <br />9.75
Soluble in diethyl ether. Slightly soluble in acetone. Insoluble in DMSO.


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Sources


Navigation


   Acetates
Salts

Calcium acetate (Ca(CH3COO)2) • Copper(II) acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) • Chromium(II) acetate (Cr(CH3COO)2) • Gadolinium acetate (Gd(CH3COO)3) • Dysprosium acetate (Dy(CH3COO)3) • Holmium acetate (Ho(CH3COO)3) • Iron(II) acetate (Fe(CH3COO)2) • Lead(II) acetate (Pb(CH3COO)2) • Manganese(II) acetate (Mn(CH3COO)2) • Neodymium acetate (Nd(CH3COO)3) • Nickel acetate (Ni(CH3COO)2) • Samarium acetate (Sm(CH3COO)3) • Strontium acetate (Sr(CH3COO)2) • Sodium acetate (NaCH3COO) • Zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2)

Double Salts

Copper-calcium acetate (CuCa(CH3COO)4) • Uranyl-sodium acetate (NaUО2(CH3COO)3) • Uranyl-zinc-sodium acetate (NaZn(UO2)3(CH3COO)9)


   Copper compounds
Salts

Copper (Cu) • Copper(II) acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) • Copper(II) dihydrophosphate (Cu(H2PO4)2) • Copper(II) formate (Cu(COOH)2) • Copper(II) lactate (Cu(C3H5O3)2) • Copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) • Copper(II) sulfamate (Cu(NH2SO3)2) • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) • Copper(II) tartrate (CuC4H4O6) • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl2)

Double salts

Copper-calcium acetate (CuCa(CH3COO)4) • Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2)

Complexes

Dicarbonatocuprates • Dioxalatocuprates • Bis-thetramethylethylenediaminecopper(II) nitrate ([Cu((H3CNCH3)2C4H8)](NO3)2) • Glycinecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2CH2COOH)]SO4) • Copper(II) formate and urea complex (Cu(HCOO)2 · 2CO(NH2)2) • Potassium dioxalatocuprate(II) (K2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Sodium dioxalatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Sodium dicarbonatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(CO3)2]) • Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) • Tetrachlorocuprates • Tris(hydroxymethyl)methanoaminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2C(CH2OH)3)4]SO4)


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