Paracetamol

Paracetamol ;
Names:	paracetamol; tylenol; acetaminophen; acetophen; panadol; N-(4-hydroxiphenyl)acetamide; N-(4-hydroxiphenyl)ethanamide; N-acetil-4-hydroxianiline; N-acetil-para-aminophenol; APAP;
Formula:	C8H9NO2;
Molar mass:	151.164 g/mol;
Density:	1.293 g/cm3;
Crystal system:	monoclinic (form I); α=90°, γ=90°; orthorhombic (form II); α=90°, β=90°, γ=90°; orthorhombic (form III); α=90°, β=90°, γ=90°;
Shapes:	https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/6/68/Irregular_pinacoidal_prism.json Irregular pinacoidal prism Template:Beveled deformed hexagonal prism https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/b/bc/Rhombic_prism.json Rhombic prism https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/f/f1/Cube.json Cube https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/5/52/Needle.json Needle Template:Snowflake;
Color:	colorless; white; pale pink;
Melting point:	169 °C442.15 K <br />336.2 °F <br />795.87 °R <br />;
Stability:	stable;
Toxicity:	non-toxic; LD50=2404mg/kg

Description

Organic compound, aromatic acetamide. Doesn't form water hydrates.

Where to buy

Can be bought in pharmacy (as "Tylenol").

Influence of temperature

Increasing temperature leads to oxidation, leading to pink or yellow color of crystals (depends on solvent).

Shape is drasticallt different for different solvents. Growing from acetone solution leads to forming needles, from ethanol or hot water - cubes, from toluene - compex prismatic shapes. Mixtures of solvents produce even more shape variations, e.g. water:acetone=1:2-2:3 ratio produces hexagonal prisms, but 1:1-2:1 rate produces rhombic prisms.

Storage conditions

Keep in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not keep crystals near heaters.

Solubility

TableGraph

Temperature	g/`100,00` g water	g/`100,00` g ethanol	g/`100,00` g methanol	g/`100,00` g acetone	g/`100,00` g toluene	g/`100,00` g hexane	g/`100,00` g ethyl acetate	g/`100,00` g ethylene glycol	g/`100,00` g acetic acid	g/`100,00` g propanol	g/`100,00` g isopropanol	g/`100,00` g acetonitrile	g/`100,00` g dimethylformamide	g/`100,00` g dioxane	g/`100,00` g dichloromethane	g/`100,00` g tetrahydrofuran	g/`100,00` g carbon tetrachloride	g/`100,00` g chloroform	g/`100,00` g 1-butanol	g/`100,00` g 1-hexanol	g/`100,00` g 1-heptanol	g/`100,00` g 1-octanol	g/`100,00` g 1-pentanol	g/`100,00` g 2-butanone
-5°C268.15 K <br />23 °F <br />482.67 °R <br />		`11.856`		`5.039`															`4.755`
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />		`12.965`	`19.148`	`5.561`	`0.022`		`0.527`			`7.23`	`1.719`	`1.118`							`5.196`
5°C278.15 K <br />41 °F <br />500.67 °R <br />				`6.232`															`5.721`
10°C283.15 K <br />50 °F <br />509.67 °R <br />		`15.614`	`23.96`	`6.963`															`6.331`
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />				`7.848`															`6.929`
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />		`19.061`	`29.781`	`8.809`	`0.037`		`0.852`			`10.809`	`10.878`	`2.31`							`7.707`
25°C298.15 K <br />77 °F <br />536.67 °R <br />	`1.436`			`9.938`		`0.000719`													`8.327`
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />		`23.275`	`37.161`	`11.165`	`0.034`		`1.073`	`14.43`	`8.272`	`13.277`	`13.501`	`3.283`	`101.202`	`1.708`	`0.032`	`15.537`	`0.089`	`0.154`		`4.971`	`3.743`	`2.747`	`6.782`	`6.999`
50°C323.15 K <br />122 °F <br />581.67 °R <br />	`2.72`

Soluble in dichloroethane. Insoluble in diethyl ether, benzene, petroleum ether and N-pentane.

Gallery

Growth from solvent 646Paracetamol, Martinov Maxim, VKontakteMartinov MaximVKontakte
Growth from mixture of acetone and waterParacetamol, Sergey Aleksandrov, VKontakteSergey AleksandrovVKontakte
Growth from mixture of acetone and waterParacetamol, Sergey Aleksandrov, VKontakteSergey AleksandrovVKontakte
Growth from mixture of acetone and waterParacetamol, Sergey Aleksandrov, VKontakteSergey AleksandrovVKontakte
Growth from a mixture of acetone and ethanolParacetamol, Eugene Gorbunov, VKontakteEugene GorbunovVKontakte
Growth from water solution with ~10% of isopropanol, for 4-7 weeksParacetamol, ChemicaLove1729, reddit.comChemicaLove1729Reddit.com
Growth from ethanol solutionParacetamol, Maxim Martinov, VKontakteMaxim MartinovVKontakte
Growth from water solutionParacetamol, Martinov Maxim, VKontakteMartinov MaximVKontakte
Growth from acetone solutionParacetamol, Sergey Aleksandrov, VKontakteSergey AleksandrovVKontakte

Sources

Phenols
Ethylvanillin (C₉H₁₀O₃) • Hydroquinone (C₆H₄(OH)₂) • Paracetamol (C₈H₉NO₂) • Vanillin (C₈H₈O₃) • Phenol (C₆H₅OH)

Amides
Paracetamol (C₈H₉NO₂) • Thiourea (CS(NH₄)₂) • Urea (CO(NH₄)₂)

Paracetamol
Names:	paracetamol tylenol acetaminophen acetophen panadol N-(4-hydroxiphenyl)acetamide N-(4-hydroxiphenyl)ethanamide N-acetil-4-hydroxianiline N-acetil-para-aminophenol APAP
Formula:	C₈H₉NO₂
Molar mass:	151.164 g/mol
Density:	1.293 g/cm³
Crystal system:	monoclinic (form I) α=90°, γ=90° orthorhombic (form II) α=90°, β=90°, γ=90° orthorhombic (form III) α=90°, β=90°, γ=90°
Shapes:	Irregular pinacoidal prism Template:Beveled deformed hexagonal prism Rhombic prism Cube Needle Template:Snowflake
Color:	colorless white pale pink
Melting point:	169 °C442.15 K <br />336.2 °F <br />795.87 °R <br />
Stability:	stable
Toxicity:	non-toxic LD₅₀=2404mg/kg