Ammonium pentachloroferrate (III)

Ammonium pentachloroferrate(III) ;
Names:	ammonium pentachloroferrate; diammonium pentachloroferrate; ammonium ferrichloride;
Formula:	(NH4)2[FeCl5(H2O)] (anhydrous); (NH4)2[FeCl5(H2O)] · H2O (monohydrate);
Molar mass:	287.202 g/mol (anhydrous); 305.217 g/mol (monohydrate);
Crystal system:	orthorhombic (monohydrate); a=13.706 Å, b=9.924 Å, c=7.024 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=90°;
Shapes:	https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/9/97/Truncated_oblique_rhombic_prism.json Truncated oblique rhombic prism ;
Color:	red-brown;
Decomposition point:	87 °C360.15 K <br />188.6 °F <br />648.27 °R <br /> (tetrahydrate);
Electricity properties:	ferroelectric;
Magnetic properties:	antiferromagnetic;
Stability:	slowly erodes (monohydrate); hygroscopic (anhydrous);
Hardness:	fragile;
Toxicity:	slightly toxic

Description

Inorganic complex compound, salt of ammonium ion and complex pentachloroferrate ion. From water solutions crystallizes as monohydrate.

Precursors

Reaction between ammonium and iron(III) chlorides

Chemical equation:

2NH₄Cl + FeCl₃ + H₂O = (NH₄)₂[FeCl₅(H₂O)]

For preparation of 100.00g of ammonium pentachloroferrate(III)

monohydratemonohydrate
anhydrous

а 35.05g of chloride ammonium and 88.56g of chloride iron(III)

hexahydratehexahydrate
anhydrous

is required.

Dissolve compounds in hot water apart and then mix solutions into one container with intense stirring. Cooling or evaporation of a solution will cause double salt crystallyzation.

Influence of temperature

Grow at room temperature. Heating of solution leads to iron(III) chloride hydrolysis.

Storage conditions

Keep in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not keep crystals near heaters.

Solubility

Highly soluble in water.

Gallery

Sources

Chlorides
Salts	Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) • Barium chloride (BaCl₂) • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) • Cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) • Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl₂) • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) • Iron(II) chloride (FeCl₂) • Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) • Lead(II) chloride (PbCl) • Manganese(II) chloride (MnCl₂) • Potassium chloride (KCl) • Sodium chloride (NaCl) • Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) • Tin(II) chloride (SnCl₂) • Zirconyl chloride (ZrOCl₂)
Double salts	Rubidium-gold(III)-palladium(II) chloride (2RbCl · AuCl₃ · PdCl₂)
Adducts	Diglycine hydrochloride (2NH₂CH₂COOH · HCl) • Glutamic acid hydrochloride (C₅H₉NO₄ · HCl) • Glucose and sodium chloride adduct (2C₆H₁₂O₆ · NaCl) • Hydroxylammonium chloride (NH₂OH · HCl) • P-nitroaniline hydrochloride (C₆H₆N₂O₂ · HCl) • Urea and sodium chloride adduct (CO(NH₄)₂ · NaCl)
Complexes	Ammonium pentachloroferrate(III) ((NH₄)₂[FeCl₅]) • Ammonium tetrachlorocuprate(II) ((NH₄)₂[CuCl₄]) • Lithium trioxalatoferrate(III)-chloride (Li₄[Fe(C₂O₄)₃]Cl) • Hexamminecobalt(III) chloride ([Co(NH₃)₆]Cl₂) • Hexaamminenickel chloride ([Ni(NH₃)₆]Cl₂) • Potassium hexachlororhodate(III) (K₃[RhCl₆])

Ammonium compounds
Salts	Ammonium citrate ((NH₄)₃C₃H₅O(COO)₃) • Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) • Ammonium dichromate ((NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇) • Ammonium dihydrophosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄) • Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) • Ammonium perrhenate (NH₄ReO₄) • Ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) • Ammonium succinate ((NH₄)₂C₄H₄O₄) • Ammonium tetraborate ((NH₄)₂B₄O₇) • Ammonium thiocyanate (NH₄NCS)
Double salts	Aluminum-ammonium sulfate (NH₄Al(SO₄)₂) • Calcium-ammonium nitrate (5Ca(NO₃)₂ · NH₄NO₃) • Chromium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Cr(SO₄)₂) • Chromium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH₄Cr(SO₄)₂) • Cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Co(SO₄)₂) • Cobalt(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH₄Co(SO₄)₂) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Cu(SO₄)₂) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂) • Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH₄Fe(SO₄)₂) • Magnesium-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Mg(SO₄)₂) • Manganese(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Mn(SO₄)₂) • Manganese(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH₄Mn(SO₄)₂) • Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Ni(SO₄)₂) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH₄SO₄) • Vanadium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂V(SO₄)₂) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH₄V(SO₄)₂) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Zn(SO₄)₂)
Complexes	Ammines • Ammonium dioxalatocuprate(II) ((NH₄)₂[Cu(C₂O₄)₂]) • Ammonium pentachloroferrate(III) ((NH₄)₂[FeCl₅]) • Ammonium tetrachlorocuprate(II) ((NH₄)₂[CuCl₄]) • Ammonium trioxalatoferrate(III) ((NH₄)₃[Fe(C₂O₄)₃])

Iron compounds
Salts	Iron (Fe) • Iron(II) acetate (Fe(CH₃COO)₂) • Iron(II) chloride (FeCl₂) • Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) • Iron(II) citrate (FeHC₃H₅O(COO)₃) • Iron(II) formate (Fe(COOH)₂) • Iron(III) formate (Fe₂(COOH)₃) • Iron(II) nitrate (Fe(NO₃)₂) • Iron(II) phosphate (Fe₃(PO₄)₂) • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO₄) • Iron(III) sulfate (Fe₂(SO₄)₃)
Double salts	Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)Fe(SO₄)₂) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K₂Fe(SO₄)₂) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO₄) • Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO₄)
Complexes	Hexacyanoferrates • Nitroprussides‎ • Pentachloroferrates • Trioxalatoferrates • Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate-ferrate(III) (Na[Fe((OOCCH₂)₂N(CH₂)₂N(CH₂COO)₂)])

Ammonium pentachloroferrate(III)
Names:	ammonium pentachloroferrate diammonium pentachloroferrate ammonium ferrichloride
Formula:	(NH₄)₂[FeCl₅(H₂O)] (anhydrous) (NH₄)₂[FeCl₅(H₂O)] · H₂O (monohydrate)
Molar mass:	287.202 g/mol (anhydrous) 305.217 g/mol (monohydrate)
Crystal system:	orthorhombic (monohydrate) a=13.706 Å, b=9.924 Å, c=7.024 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=90°
Shapes:	Truncated oblique rhombic prism
Color:	red-brown
Decomposition point:	87 °C360.15 K <br />188.6 °F <br />648.27 °R <br /> (tetrahydrate)
Electricity properties:	ferroelectric
Magnetic properties:	antiferromagnetic
Stability:	slowly erodes (monohydrate) hygroscopic (anhydrous)
Hardness:	fragile
Toxicity:	slightly toxic