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Zinc-ammonium sulfate

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   Zinc-ammonium sulfate   
Names: zinc-ammonium sulfate
zinc(II)-ammonium sulfate
zinc-diammonium sulfate
diammonium hexaaquazinc(II) sulfate
zinc Tutton's salt
ammonium zinc schoenite
AZnSH
AZSH
Formula: (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 (anhydrous)
(NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 · 6H2O (hexahydrate)
Molar mass: 293.590 g/mol (anhydrous)
401.679 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Density: 1.931 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Crystal system: monoclinic (hexahydrate)
a=6.246 Å, b=12.514 Å, c=9.236 Åα=90°, β=106.84°, γ=90°
Shapes:
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/d/d0/Truncated_deformed_oblique_hexagonal_prism.json
Truncated deformed oblique hexagonal prism
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/9/9a/Truncated_deformed_hexagonal_prism.json
Truncated deformed hexagonal prism

Color: colorless
Refractive index: 1.489 (hexahydrate)
Stability: stable (hexahydrate)
hygroscopic (anhydrous)
Hardness: relatively strong

Description

Inorganic compound, double salt of transitional metal zinc, ammonium ion and inorganic sulfuric acid. From water solutions crystallizes as hexahydrate.

Minerals

Occurs in nature as katerinopoulosite mineral.

Precursors

Reaction between zinc and ammonium sulfates

Chemical equation:

(NH4)2SO4 + ZnSO4 = (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2↓


For preparation of 100.00g of zinc-ammonium sulfate hexahydrate а 71.59g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 32.90g of ammonium sulfate is required.

Dissolve compounds in hot water apart and then mix solutions into one container with intense stirring. Cooling or evaporation of a solution will cause double salt crystallyzation.

Influence of impurities

Small addition (~10%) of Tutton's salts, like nickel-ammonium sulfate, cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate, copper(II)-ammonium sulfate or magnesium-ammonium chromate can be used to change color of crystals. Adding large amounts of those sales may change crystal shape. It is also possible to cover crystals with a layer of other Tutton's salts, by placing the crystals into s saturated solution of other salt, producing a crystal-in-crystal.

Influence of pH level

Addition of ~1g of baking soda per 100g of solution leads to growing more transparent crystals - impurities form a precipitate, solution should be left for a while and then filtered. Same effect could be achieved by using surfactants. For example, addition of soap containing sodium lauryl sulfate makes crystal transparent and sharp-edged.

Notes

This compound is a good nutrient for molds, so a little amount of food preservative like potassium sorbate might be needed. Boiling after molds appear is also effective.

Storage conditions

Store in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not store in matchboxes or cotton wool and do not heat.

Solubility

Temperatureгр/100,00 гр water
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />7
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />12.5
45°C318.15 K <br />113 °F <br />572.67 °R <br />23.2
80°C353.15 K <br />176 °F <br />635.67 °R <br />42
Soluble in glycerol. Slightly soluble in DMSO. Insoluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene, acetic acid, dimethylformamide and chloroform.


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   Sulfates
Simple

Aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) • Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) • Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) • Cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) • Cerium(III) sulfate (Ce2(SO4)3) • Cerium(IV) sulfate (Ce(SO4)2) • Chromium(III) sulfate (Cr2(SO4)3) • Cobalt(II) sulfate (CoSO4) • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) • Gadolinium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Holmium sulfate (Ho2(SO4)3) • Hydrazine sulfate (N2H4 · H2SO4) • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) • Iron(III) sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) • Lanthanum sulfate (La2(SO4)3) • Lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) • Manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) • Neodymium sulfate (Nd2(SO4)3) • Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) • Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) • Praseodymium(III) sulfate (Pr2(SO4)3) • Rubidium sulfate (Rb2SO4) • Sodium hydrosulfate (NaHSO4) • Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) • Yttrium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)

Alums

Aluminum-ammonium sulfate (NH4Al(SO4)2) • Aluminum-potassium sulfate (KAl(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Cr(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-potassium sulfate (KCr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Co(SO4)2) • Indium(III)-potassium sulfate (KIn(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-potassium sulfate (KFe(SO4)2) • Manganese(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Mn(SO4)2) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4V(SO4)2)

Tutton's salts

Chromium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Co(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Co(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Fe(SO4)2) • Magnesium-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate (K2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate-chromate (K2CrO4 · MgSO4) • Manganese(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mn(SO4)2) • Manganese(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Mn(SO4)2) • Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Ni(SO4)2) • Nickel-potassium sulfate (K2Ni(SO4)2) • Vanadium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2V(SO4)2) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Zn(SO4)2) • Zinc-potassium sulfate (K2Zn(SO4)2)

Double salts

Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO4) • Lithium-potassium sulfate (KLiSO4) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)

Adducts

Triglycine sulfate ((NH2CH2COOH)3 · H2SO4) • Glutamic acid sulfate (C5H9NO4 · H2SO4)

Complexes

Cerium(III) sulfocerate(IV) (Ce4[Ce(SO4)4]3) • Glycinecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2CH2COOH)]SO4) • Hexakarbamatzinc sulfate ([(CON2H4)6Zn]SO4) • Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) • Tris(hydroxymethil)methanoaminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2C(CH2OH)3)4]SO4)


   Ammonium compounds
Salts

Ammonium citrate ((NH4)3C3H5O(COO)3) • Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) • Ammonium dichromate ((NH4)2Cr2O7) • Ammonium dihydrophosphate (NH4H2PO4) • Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) • Ammonium perrhenate (NH4ReO4) • Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) • Ammonium succinate ((NH4)2C4H4O4) • Ammonium tetraborate ((NH4)2B4O7) • Ammonium thiocyanate (NH4NCS)

Double salts

Aluminum-ammonium sulfate (NH4Al(SO4)2) • Calcium-ammonium nitrate (5Ca(NO3)2 · NH4NO3) • Chromium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cr(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Cr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Co(SO4)2) • Cobalt(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Co(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Fe(SO4)2) • Magnesium-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mg(SO4)2) • Manganese(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mn(SO4)2) • Manganese(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Mn(SO4)2) • Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Ni(SO4)2) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Vanadium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2V(SO4)2) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4V(SO4)2) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Zn(SO4)2)

Complexes

Ammines • Ammonium dioxalatocuprate(II) ((NH4)2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Ammonium pentachloroferrate(III) ((NH4)2[FeCl5]) • Ammonium tetrachlorocuprate(II) ((NH4)2[CuCl4]) • Ammonium trioxalatoferrate(III) ((NH4)3[Fe(C2O4)3])


   Zinc compounds

Hexakarbamatzinc sulfate ([(CON2H4)6Zn]SO4) • Zinc (Zn) • Zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2) • Uranyl-zinc-sodium acetate (NaZn(UO2)3(CH3COO)9) • Zinc dihydrophosphate (Zn(H2PO4)2) • Zinc formate (Zn(COOH)2) • Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) • Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Zn(SO4)2) • Zinc-potassium sulfate (K2Zn(SO4)2) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)


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