Nickel-potassium sulfate

Nickel-potassium sulfate
Names:	nickel potassium sulfate nickel Tutton's salt potassium nickel schoenite potassium nickelous sulfate KNiSH KNSH
Formula:	K2Ni(SO4)2 (anhydrous) K2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O (hexahydrate)
Molar mass:	329.011 g/mol (anhydrous) 437.100 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Density:	2.124 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Crystal system:	monoclinic (hexahydrate) a=6.1368 Å, b=12.1904 Å, c=9.0049 Åα=90°, β=105.047°, γ=90°
Shapes:	https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/d/d0/Truncated_deformed_oblique_hexagonal_prism.json Truncated deformed oblique hexagonal prism https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/9/9a/Truncated_deformed_hexagonal_prism.json Truncated deformed hexagonal prism
Color:	green blue-green
Refractive index:	1.4916 (hexahydrate)
Optical properties:	pleochroism
Stability:	stable (hexahydrate)

Description

Inorganic compound, double salt of transitional metal nickel, alkaline metal potassium and inorganic sulfuric acid. From water solutions crystallizes as hexahydrate.

Minerals

Occurs in nature as nickelpicromerite mineral.

Precursors

Reaction between nickel and potassium sulfates

Chemical equation:

K₂SO₄ + NiSO₄ = K₂Ni(SO₄)₂↓

For preparation of 100.00g of nickel-potassium sulfate hexahydrate

hexahydrate

anhydrous

а 64.25g of nickel sulfate heptahydrate

heptahydrate

hexahydrate

monohydrate

anhydrous

and 39.87g of potassium sulfate is required.

Dissolve compounds in hot water apart and then mix solutions into one container with intense stirring. Cooling or evaporation of a solution will cause double salt crystallyzation. Filter precipitate and wash it wish small amount of ethanol or acetone, then filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Influence of impurities

Excess of one of sulfates leads to changing a shape of the final crystal. Excess of potassium sulfate makes crystals cloudy/opaque. Small addition of zinc-potassium sulfate or magnesium-potassium sulfate changes crystal color to a lighter one. Compound could be mixed with Tutton's salts in any proportion, producing crystals with different colors and sometimes shapes. It is also possible to cover crystals with a layer of other Tutton's salt, e.g. by placing the crystal into s saturated solution of other salt, producing a crystal-in-crystal.

Influence of pH level

Addition of surfactants has a positive influence on crystal shape and transparency. For example, addition of soap containing sodium lauryl sulfate makes crystal transparent and sharp-edged. Same effect can be achieved by addition of baking soda (~1g of per 100g of solution) - a precipitate containing impurities is formed (e.g. iron salts), solution should be left intact for a while, and then filtered.

Storage conditions

Store in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not store in matchboxes or cotton wool and do not heat.

Solubility

TableGraph

Temperature	гр/100,00 гр water
	(anhydrous)	(hexahydrate)
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />	5.3	7
75°C348.15 K <br />167 °F <br />626.67 °R <br />	45.8	60.8

Insoluble in ethanol and acetone.

Gallery

• 

  Nickel-potassium sulfateAnatoly Bobe, VKontakteAnatoly BobeVKontakte

• 

  Nickel-potassium sulfateAnatoly Bobe, VKontakteAnatoly BobeVKontakte

• 

  File:j.xziom.nickel.potassium.sulfate.1.jpg

• 

  Nickel-potassium sulfateVladimir Semikin, VKontakteVladimir SemikinVKontakte

• 

  File:l.samokhina.nickel.potassium.sulfate.1.jpg

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Sources

• R.A.Kiper Properties of compounds. Handbook
• Ferdinando Bosi, Girolamo Belardi and Paolo Ballirano, Structural features in Tutton’s salts K2(M2+(H2O)6)(SO4)2, with M2+ = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn
• Youping He, Jianrong Chen, Genbo Su, Xinxin Zhuang, Guohui Lee, Rihong Jiang, Growth of potassium nickel sulfate hexahydrate (KNSH) crystal and its characterization

Navigation

Potassium compounds
Salts	Potassium bromate (KBrO3) • Potassium bromide (KBr) • Potassium chlorate (KClO3) • Potassium chloride (KCl) • Potassium chromate (K2CrO4) • Potassium dihydrophosphate (KH2PO4) • Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) • Potassium iodide (KI) • Potassium hydrofluoride (KHF2) • Potassium hydrophosphate (K2HPO4) • Potassium hydrophthalate (KC8H6O4) • Potassium metavanadate (KVO3) • Potassium nitrate (KNO3) • Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) • Potassium thiocyanate (KNCS)
Double salts	Aluminum-potassium sulfate (KAl(SO4)2) • Antimony(III)-potassium tartrate (K2Sb2(C4H2O6)2) • Chromium(III)-potassium sulfate (KCr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Co(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2) • Indium(III)-potassium sulfate (KIn(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-potassium sulfate (KFe(SO4)2) • Lithium-potassium sulfate (KLiSO4) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate (K2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate-chromate (K2CrO4 · MgSO4) • Manganese(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Mn(SO4)2) • Nickel-potassium sulfate (K2Ni(SO4)2) • Potassium-sodium tartrate (KNaC4H4O6) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4V(SO4)2) • Zinc-potassium sulfate (K2Zn(SO4)2)
Complexes	Potassium dioxalatocuprate(II) (K2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Potassium hexanitrocobaltate(III) (K3[Co(NO2)6]) • Potassium hexachlororhodiate(III) (K3[RhCl6]) • Potassium hexacyanocobaltate(III) (K3[Co(CN)6]) • Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) (K4[Fe(CN)6]) • Tripotassium-sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) (K3Na[Fe(CN)6]) • Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) (K3[Fe(CN)6]) • Potassium hexacyanochromate(III) (K3[Co(CN)6]) • Potassium tetraiodobismuthate (К[BiI4]) • Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II) (K2[HgI4]) • Potassium trioxalatoaluminate (K3[Al(C2O4)3]) • Potassium trioxalatocobaltate(III) (K3[Co(C2O4)3]) Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K3[Fe(C2O4)3]) • Potassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K5Na[Fe(C2O4)3]2) • Dipotassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K2Na[Fe(C2O4)3]) • Potassium trioxalatochromate(III) (K3[Cr(C2O4)3])

Nickel compounds
Salts	Nickel (Ni) • Nickel acetate (Ni(CH3COO)2) • Nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2) • Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) • Nickel tartrate (NiC4H4O6)
Double salts	Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Ni(SO4)2) • Nickel-potassium sulfate (K2Ni(SO4)2)
Complexes	Hexaamminenickel chloride ([Ni(NH3)6]Cl2) • Tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) oxalate ([Ni(H2NCH2CH2NH2)3]C2O4)