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Sodium sulfate

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   Sodium sulfate   
Names: sodium sulfate
sodium sulphate
vitriol of soda
Formula: Na2SO4 (anhydrous)
Na2SO4 · 7H2O (heptahydrate)
Na2SO4 · 8H2O (octahydrate)
Molar mass: 142.041 g/mol (anhydrous)
268.145 g/mol (heptahydrate)
286.160 g/mol (octahydrate)
Density: 2.671 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
1.472 g/cm3 (decahydrate)
Crystal system: monoclinic (decahydrate)
a=11.512 Å, b=10.370 Å, c=12.847 Åα=90°, β=107.789°, γ=90°
triclinic (octahydrate)
tetragonal (heptahydrate)
α=90°, β=90°, γ=90°
orthorhombic (anhydrous)
α=90°, β=90°, γ=90°
Shapes:
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/f/f4/Deformed_hexagonal_prism.json
Deformed hexagonal prism

Color: colorless
Melting point: 32.4 °C305.55 K <br />90.32 °F <br />549.99 °R <br /> (decahydrate)
Stability: hygroscopic (anhydrous)
erodes (decahydrate)
Hardness: relatively strong

Description

Inorganic compound, salt of alkaline metal sodium and inorganic sulfuric acid. From water solutions crystallizes as decaydrate, octahydrate and heptahydrate.

Notes

hepta and octa hydrates are exotic; so should grow as anhydrous when hot

Solubility

Temperatureg/100,00 g water
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />19.5
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />40.8
40°C313.15 K <br />104 °F <br />563.67 °R <br />48.8
100°C373.15 K <br />212 °F <br />671.67 °R <br />42.5



Sources



   Sulfates
Simple

Aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) • Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) • Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) • Cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) • Cerium(III) sulfate (Ce2(SO4)3) • Cerium(IV) sulfate (Ce(SO4)2) • Chromium(III) sulfate (Cr2(SO4)3) • Cobalt(II) sulfate (CoSO4) • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4) • Gadolinium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Holmium sulfate (Ho2(SO4)3) • Hydrazine sulfate (N2H4 · H2SO4) • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) • Iron(III) sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) • Lanthanum sulfate (La2(SO4)3) • Lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) • Manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) • Neodymium sulfate (Nd2(SO4)3) • Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) • Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) • Praseodymium(III) sulfate (Pr2(SO4)3) • Rubidium sulfate (Rb2SO4) • Sodium hydrosulfate (NaHSO4) • Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) • Yttrium sulfate (Gd2(SO4)3) • Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)

Alums

Aluminum-ammonium sulfate (NH4Al(SO4)2) • Aluminum-potassium sulfate (KAl(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Cr(SO4)2) • Chromium(III)-potassium sulfate (KCr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Co(SO4)2) • Indium(III)-potassium sulfate (KIn(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(III)-potassium sulfate (KFe(SO4)2) • Manganese(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4Mn(SO4)2) • Vanadium(III)-ammonium sulfate (NH4V(SO4)2)

Tutton's salts

Chromium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cr(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Co(SO4)2) • Cobalt(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Co(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Cu(SO4)2) • Copper(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Cu(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Fe(SO4)2) • Iron(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Fe(SO4)2) • Magnesium-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate (K2Mg(SO4)2) • Magnesium-potassium sulfate-chromate (K2CrO4 · MgSO4) • Manganese(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Mn(SO4)2) • Manganese(II)-potassium sulfate (K2Mn(SO4)2) • Nickel-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Ni(SO4)2) • Nickel-potassium sulfate (K2Ni(SO4)2) • Vanadium(II)-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2V(SO4)2) • Zinc-ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2Zn(SO4)2) • Zinc-potassium sulfate (K2Zn(SO4)2)

Double salts

Copper(II)-iron(II) sulfate ((Cu,Fe)SO4) • Iron(II)-magnesium sulfate ((Fe,Mg)SO4) • Lithium-potassium sulfate (KLiSO4) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)

Adducts

Triglycine sulfate ((NH2CH2COOH)3 · H2SO4) • Glutamic acid sulfate (C5H9NO4 · H2SO4)

Complexes

Cerium(III) sulfocerate(IV) (Ce4[Ce(SO4)4]3) • Glycinecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2CH2COOH)]SO4) • Hexakarbamatzinc sulfate ([(CON2H4)6Zn]SO4) • Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH3)4]SO4) • Tris(hydroxymethil)methanoaminecopper(II) sulfate ([Cu(NH2C(CH2OH)3)4]SO4)



   Sodium compounds
Salts

Sodium acetate (NaCH3COO) • Sodium bromide (NaBr) • Sodium citrate (Na3C3H5O(COO)3) • Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) • Sodium chloride (NaCl) • Sodium cyclamate (C6H12NNaO3S) • Sodium decavanadate (Na6V10O28) • Sodium ethilate (NaC2H5O) • Sodium glutamate (NaC5H8NO4) • Sodium hydrocarbonate (NaHCO3) • Sodium hydrosulfate (NaHSO4) • Sodium iodide (NaI) • Sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) • Sodium niobate (NaNbO3) • Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) • Sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) • Sodium para-aminosalicylate (C7H6NNaO3) • Sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) • Sodium saccharinate (C7H4NaNO3S) • Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) • Sodium sulfide (Na2S) • Sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) • Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) • Sodium trichloroacetate (NaCCl3COO) • Sodium trioxalatoaluminate (Na3[Al(C2O4)3]) • Sodium tungstate (Na2WO4)

Double salts

Potassium-sodium tartrate (KNaC4H4O6) • Sodium-ammonium sulfate (NaNH4SO4) • Uranyl-sodium acetate (NaUО2(CH3COO)3) • Uranyl-zinc-sodium acetate (NaZn(UO2)3(CH3COO)9) • Zinc-sodium sulfate (Na2Zn(SO4)2)

Adducts

Glucose and sodium bromide adduct (2C6H12O6 · NaBr) • Glucose and sodium chloride adduct (2C6H12O6 · NaCl) • Urea and sodium chloride adduct (CO(NH4)2 · NaCl)

Complex compounds

Sodium dicarbonatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(CO3)2]) • Sodium dioxalatocuprate(II) (Na2[Cu(C2O4)2]) • Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate-ferrate(III) (Na[Fe((OOCCH2)2N(CH2)2N(CH2COO)2)]) • Sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) (Na4[Fe(CN)6]) • Tripotassium-sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) (K3Na[Fe(CN)6]) • Sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2[SiF6]) • Sodium nitroprusside (Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]) • Sodium trioxalatochromate(III) (Ns3[Cr(C2O4)3]) • Dipotassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K2Na[Fe(C2O4)3]) • Potassium-sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (K5Na[Fe(C2O4)3]2) • Sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) (Na3[Fe(C2O4)3])

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