Crystal growing
Bismuth(III) nitrate

Bismuth(III) nitrate

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   Bismuth(III) nitrate   
Names:
Formula: Bi(NO3)3 (anhydrous)
Bi(NO3)3 · 1.5H2O (sesquihydrate)
Bi(NO3)3 · 5H2O (pentahydrate)
SMILES: [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Bi+3]
Molar mass: 394.992 g/mol (anhydrous)
422.014 g/mol (sesquihydrate)
485.066 g/mol (pentahydrate)
Density: 2.83 g/cm3 (pentahydrate)
Crystal system: triclinic (pentahydrate)
a=6.52 Å, b=8.642 Å, c=10.683 Åα=100.82°, β=80.78°, γ=104.77°
Shapes:
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/Prolongated_rhombic_prism.json
Prolongated rhombic prism
https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/Trapezoidal_flat_prism.json
Trapezoidal flat prism

Color: colorless
Melting point: 75.5 °C348.65 K <br />167.9 °F <br />627.57 °R <br /> (pentahydrate)
Magnetic properties: diamagnetic
χ=-9.10 · 10-5cm³/mol
Stability: hygroscopic (anhydrous)
slowly erodes (pentahydrate)
Hardness: relatively strong
Toxicity: poisonous

Description

Inorganic compound, salt of trivalent metal bismuth and inorganic nitric acid. From water solutions crystallizes as pentahydrate and sesquihydrate.

Precursors

Reaction between bismuth(III) hydroxide or oxide and nitric acid

Chemical equation:

Bi(OH)3 + 3HNO3 = Bi(NO3)3 + 3H2O
Bi2O3 + 6HNO3 = 2Bi(NO3)3 + 3H2O


For preparation of 100.00g of bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate а 53.60g of hydroxide or 48.03g of bismuth oxide and 59.96g of 65% acid is required.

Add acid to the flask, then add small parts of bismuth compound with stirring until it will totally dissolve . After reaction will stop, filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Reaction between metal bismuth and nitric acid

Chemical equation:

Bi + 4HNO3 = Bi(NO3)3 + NO↑ + 2H2O


For preparation of 100.00g of bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate а 43.08g of pure bismuth and 79.94g of 65% acid is required.

Add acid solution to the flask, then add bismuth pieces, shavings or powder and stir it until gas emission will stop.

Influence of pH level

Is water soluble only at low pH level (0...3), achieved by addition of nitric acid. At higher pH values completely hydrolyzes to oxynitrates and basic salts.

Storage conditions

For crystal storing use hermetic vessel with small amount of saturated solution at the bottom or place wadding moistened with such solution. You can use such alternatives as vessel with vaseline or vegetable oil, organic non-hygroscopic solvent (kerosene, benzine or paraffin). Also you can use acrylate polymer or another kinds of solidifying plastic.

Solubility

Temperatureгр/100,00 гр waterгр/100,00 гр acetone
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />135.148.66
10°C283.15 K <br />50 °F <br />509.67 °R <br />138.2
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />~149
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />159.841.7
25°C298.15 K <br />77 °F <br />536.67 °R <br />~168
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />176.3
40°C313.15 K <br />104 °F <br />563.67 °R <br />~199
50°C323.15 K <br />122 °F <br />581.67 °R <br />220.9
60°C333.15 K <br />140 °F <br />599.67 °R <br />~270
70°C343.15 K <br />158 °F <br />617.67 °R <br />318.8
Highly soluble in diethyl ether, DMSO and acetic acid. Insoluble in ethanol, glycerol and ethyl acetate.


Gallery


Sources


Navigation


   Nitrates
Salts

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) • Barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) • Bismuth(III) nitrate (BI(NO3)3) • Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) • Cesium nitrate (CsNO3) • Cobalt(II) nitrate (Co(NO3)2) • Copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) • Iron(II) nitrate (Fe(NO3)2) • Lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) • Neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO3)3) • Nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2) • Potassium nitrate (KNO3) • Silver(I) nitrate (AgNO3) • Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) • Strontium nitrate (Sr(NO3)2) • Uranyl nitrate (UO2(NO3)2) • Zirconyl nitrate (ZrO(NO3)2)

Double salts

Calcium-ammonium nitrate (5Ca(NO3)2 · NH4NO3) • Cerium(IV)-ammomium nitrate (2NH4NO3 · Ce(NO3)4) • Cerium(III)-cobalt nitrate (3Co(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3) • Cerium(III)-cobalt-manganese nitrate (3(Co,Mn)(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3) • Cerium(III)-manganese nitrate (3Mn(NO3)2 · 2Ce(NO3)3)

Complexes

Bis-thetramethylethylenediaminecopper(II) nitrate ([Cu((H3CNCH3)2C4H8)](NO3)2) • Nitratopentakis-karbamatbismuth(III) nitrate ([Bi(NO3)(CO(NH2)2)5](NO3)2) • Nitratopentakis-tiokarbamatbismuth(III) nitrate ([Bi(NO3)(CS(NH2)2)5](NO3)2)


   Bismuth compounds
Salts

Bismuth (Bi) • Bismuth(III) nitrate (Bi(NO3)3)

Complexes

Nitratopentakis-tiokarbamatbismuth(III) nitrate ([Bi(NO3)(CS(NH2)2)5](NO3)2) • Potassium tetraiodobismuthate (К[BiI4])

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